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Biogenic amines are known as substantial indicators of the quality and safety of food. Developing rapid and visual detection methods capable of simultaneously monitoring biogenic amines is highly desired due to their harmful effects on human health. In the present study, we have designed a sensor array consisting of two types of gold nanostructures (gold nanorods and gold nanosphere) for the determination of biogenic amines (spermine, tryptamine, ethylenediamine, tyramine, spermidine, and histamine). The principle of the probe was based on the metallization of silver ions on the surface of gold nanostructures in the presence of biogenic amines, forming Au@Ag core-shell nanoparticles. Changes in the surface composition, size, and aspect ratio of gold nanostructures induced a blue shift in the plasmonic band, which was accompanied by sharp color variations in the sensor. The collected data was statistically analyzed by pattern recognition methods and partial least squares regression. The responses were linearly correlated to the concentrations of biogenic amines in a range of 10-800, 20-800, 40-800, 40-800, 60-800, and 80-800 μmol L-1 with the limit of detections of 2.46, 4.79, 8.58, 14.26, 10.03, and 27.29 μmol L-1 for spermidine, spermine, tryptamine, histamine, ethylenediamine, and tyramine, respectively. Finally, the practical applicability of the sensor array was investigated by the determination of biogenic amines in meat and fish samples.
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